Control Of Simultaneous Outbreaks Of Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae And Extensively Drug-Resistant Acinetobacter Baumannii Infection In An Intensive Care Unit Using Interventions Promoted In The Centers For Disease Control And Prevention 2012 Carbapenemase-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Toolkit
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY(2014)
摘要
OBJECTIVE. We describe the efficacy of enhanced infection control measures, including those recommended in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's 2012 carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) toolkit, to control concurrent outbreaks of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) and extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (XDR-AB).DESIGN. Before-after intervention study.SETTING. Fifteen-bed surgical trauma intensive care unit (ICU).METHODS. We investigated the impact of enhanced infection control measures in response to clusters of CPE and XDR-AB infections in an ICU from April 2009 to March 2010. Polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the presence of bla(KPC) and resistance plasmids in CRE. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was performed to assess XDR-AB clonality. Enhanced infection-control measures were implemented in response to ongoing transmission of CPE and a new outbreak of XDR-AB. Efficacy was evaluated by comparing the incidence rate (IR) of CPE and XDR-AB before and after the implementation of these measures.RESULTS. The IR of CPE for the 12 months before the implementation of enhanced measures was 7.77 cases per 1,000 patient-days, whereas the IR of XDR-AB for the 3 months before implementation was 6.79 cases per 1,000 patient-days. All examined CPE shared endemic bla(KPC) resistance plasmids, and 6 of the 7 XDR-AB isolates were clonal. Following institution of enhanced infection control measures, the CPE IR decreased to 1.22 cases per 1,000 patient-days (P = .001), and no more cases of XDR-AB were identified.CONCLUSIONS. Use of infection control measures described in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's 2012 CRE toolkit was associated with a reduction in the IR of CPE and an interruption in XDR-AB transmission.
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