Efficacy of Kidney-Tonifying Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescriptions in Hypoplastic Uterus Treatment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Aim: To review and evaluate the efficacy of kidney-tonifying traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions (KT-TCMP) in hypoplastic uterus (HU) treatment.Methods: We searched MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure), WANFANG and VIP databases until 14 December 2013 independently with two investigators. Randomized controlled trials (RCT) involving KT-TCMP as a combined or monotherapy in the treatment of HU were reviewed and analyzed. Meta-analysis was performed by Review Manager (version 5.2).Results: Nine RCT of 1745 patients were eligible for this review and meta-analysis, of which eight RCT described the primary outcome of clinical efficacy and three RCT drew the secondary outcome of uterine size. Meta-analyzed 'recovery' clinical efficacy of KT-TCMP in seven RCT was conducted which considered diethylstilbestrol therapy alone as control, as well as three RCT that meta-analyzed the effect of KT-TCMP on uterine diameter enlargement. As a result, KT-TCMP therapy had a significantly improved difference in increasing 'recovery' clinical efficacy (risk ratio, 2.34; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.90-2.89) and enlarging the uterine diameter (standardized mean difference, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.39-1.84). One study reported adverse reactions as an important outcome and found it was safe during KT-TCMP therapy.Conclusion: The therapy of applying KT-TCMP as a combined or monotherapy in the treatment of HU may be more efficacious. However, these RCT were of moderate methodological quality and small sample size; thus, the results should be confirmed with more rigorously controlled further studies.