Dielectric Behaviour of (Ba1-Xnax)(ti1-xnbx)o3ceramics Obtained by a Conventional and Mechanochemical Syntheses

The (Ba1-xNax)(Ti1-xNbx)O3 (BNTNx) ferroelectric ceramics have been prepared by a solid state reaction with the use of a conventional method. A mechanochemical treatment based on the high-energy planetary ball milling has been used as an alternative method of synthesizing of the ceramics. The morphology of the investigated samples was characterized by a scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The characterization of electrical properties of the BNTNx samples within the temperature range from 130 K to 600 K were performed by means of a dielectric spectroscopy method at the frequency ranging from 0.1 Hz to 10 MHz. The temperature and frequency dependences of real part of dielectric permittivity showed the changes of the character of the paraelectric–ferroelectric (PE–FE) phase transition for the ceramic samples obtained by both methods. These functional materials turned out to be either classical or relaxor ferroelectrics.