HypoxamiRs: regulators of cardiac hypoxia and energy metabolism

•Hypoxia is increasingly considered as a characteristic of heart failure.•Hypoxia is capable of driving global changes in cardiac mature miRNA expression profiles by altering miRNA biogenesis.•Several hypoxamiRs are implicated in cardiac development and cardiac disease.•New classes of RNA therapeutics based upon antisense RNA technology are opening new avenues to intervene at the level of hypoxia and cardiac remodeling.