Oxytocin effects on human aggressive responding

s / Drug and Alcohol Dependence 146 (2015) e202–e284 e205 Oxytocin effects on human aggressive responding Joseph L. Alcorn, Nadeeka Dias, N. Rathnayaka, Joy Schmitz, C. Green, Scott D. Lane Department of Psychiatry u0026 Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, Program in Neuroscience, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center – Houston, Houston, TX, United States Aims: In the search for interventions aimed at improving the social functioning of individuals with substance use disorders (SUD), the neuropeptide oxytocin (OT) and the oxytonergic system may hold promise as an intervention strategy for promoting prosocial behaviors. Acute administration of OT has been shown to increase cooperation, trust, and generosity adult humans. These behaviors are labeled prosocial and stand in contrast to aggression, which may be considered antisocial. In addition to prosocial effects of OT administration, OT dose has been shown to facilitate social cognition in individuals with disorders characterized by deficits in social behavior and cognition. Individuals with a history of SUD have higher rates of aggressive behavior and a direct effect of OT dosing on human aggressive behavior has yet to be clearly experimentally demonstrated, this study seeks to examine the potential impact of OT on aggressive behavior in humans. The primary hypothesis is that acute administration of OT dose will decrease human aggressive behavior. Methods: In this ongoing study, subjects participate in awithinsubjects repeated measures design. All subjects receive placebo and 24 international units of OT. Human aggression is measured using the Point Subtraction Aggression Paradigm (PSAP), a laboratory method with demonstrated sensitivity to acute drug effects. Dependent measures include the rate of aggressive responding on the PSAP and clinically relevant personality traits to examine possible associations with OT response. Results: Currently, we have completed eight subjects. Preliminary analyses indicate a positive association betweenOT-mediated changes in aggressive response rate and pathological personality traits. Conclusions: Individual differences in response to acute OT administration appear to be related to level of trait aggression and/or pathology, providing clinical implications for use of OT in individuals with SUD. Financial support: National Institute of Drug Abuse National Institute of Health. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.09.025 Evaluation of the effectiveness of drug prevention programs: Analysis of the international scientific production (2002–2011) Rafael Aleixandre-Benavent1, Daniela Ribeiro Schneider2, Francisco Bissoli Jr. 2, Maxima Bolanos-Pizarro1, Francisco J. Bueno Canigral3, Jose C. Perez de los Cobos Peris4 1 Unidad de Informacion e Investigacion Social y Sanitaria, IHMC Lopez Pinero (CSIC – Universidad de Valencia), Valencia, Spain 2 Nucleo de Pesquisas em Psicologia Clinica PSICLIN, Departamento de Psicologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil 3 Plan Municipal de Drogodependencias, Concejalia de Sanidad y Consumo, Ayuntamiento de Valencia, Valencia, Spain 4 Servicio de Psiquiatria, Hospital de la Santa Creu y Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain Aims: The objective was to analyze the international scientific production in theperiod2002–2011of articles that assess the effectiveness of drug use prevention programs bymeans of bibliometric methods through the Web of Knowledge and Scopus databases. Methods: We perform bibliographic searches in the Web of Knowledge and Scopus databases. We use bibliometric methods to identify the scientific production and collaboration. Results: The number of selected articles was 253, with a progressive evolution of the number of published articles during those 10 years, from 21 in 2002 to 38 in 2011. The articles have 942 different authors, where 819 (86.94%) published a single paper. The average number of authoring was 4.55, which indicates the degree of collaboration. The top four productive institutions are American, with more than 10 published articles about this topic, and some European institutions. The Latin America production was lower. Most of the production (237, 94%) was published in English and only 14 in other languages (9 in Spanish, 4 inGerman, 2 in Slovakian and 1 in Portuguese). Conclusions: The results show that collaborations are like a threesome shape, with one country from North America, an European country and a third country from another continent), demonstrating that international scientific collaboration in thearea have multiple networks and profiles. This is the case of the United States, representing the core of most of the networks. Financial support: PlanMunicipal deDrogodependencias. Concejalia de Sanidad y Consumo. Ayuntamiento de Valencia. Spain. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.09.026 Gambling behavior among gamblers with and without attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder Jean-Marc Alexandre1,2, M. Fatseas1,2, G. Bouju2, C. Legauffre2, M. Valleur2, D. Magalon2, I. Chereau-Boudet2, M. Gorsane2, Marc Auriacombe1,2, J. Hardouin2, J. Venisse2, M. Grall-Bronnec2 1 Addiction Treatment Center, Univ. Bordeaux/CNRS USR 3413, Bordeaux, France 2 Gambling Cohort Group, Univ Nantes, Nantes,