Regulation of NF-κB: Arginine Methylation Takes the Stage

Nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) is a family of transcription factors that play central roles in multiple biological functions, including immune and inflammatory responses and tumorigenesis. The regulation of the activity of NF-κB is very sophisticated. Post-translational modifications of NF-κB have long been known to play an essential role in the regulation of NF-κB activity. Since the p65 subunit (RelA) is the major subunit of the typical NF-κB heterodimer, more attention has been recently devoted to how p65 is regulated by the post-translational modifications. In this review, we provide an overview of the most recent developments in the regulation of p65 by post-translational modifications.