Complex Gain Calibration In "Hybrid" Low-Frequency Aperture Arrays: An Array Prototype And The Murchison Widefield Array

Complex gain calibration is a process which solves and corrects for the composite effects of the unknown electronic and antenna gains from the uncalibrated cross-correlation products (“visibilities”) in radio interferometry. The resulting calibrated visibilities form the basis for astronomical post-processing such as imaging and telescope sensitivity measurements. Clearly, complex gain calibration is an essential prerequisite step.