Revaskularisation und osteozytäre Wiederbesiedlung avitaler Kortikalis unter Verwendung eines vaskularisierten mit osteogen-andifferenzierten adipogenen Stammzellen besiedelten Scaffolds im Kaninchen-Modell

Aim: Adipogenous tissue derived stem cells (ADSC) are available in abundance in the human body and can differentiate in the presence of lineage-specific induction factors in myogenic, adipogenic, chondrogenic and osteogenic cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of osteogenic induced ADSC’s (O-ADSC) on revascularization and cellular repopulization of avital cortical bone employing a vascularised bovine scaffold. Methods: An inguinal arterio-venous bundle was dissected in the groin of female white New Zealand rabbits (n = 6) and placed centrally inside an O-ADSC seeded scaffolds via a central drill hole. In the same surgical session avital cortical matrix from a donor rabbit was finally placed over this construct. Unseeded scaffolds, that were implanted and treated in the same fashion served as a controls (n = 6). To prevent external revascularization, all constructs were wrapped in silicon foil and finally implanted in the rabbits groin. Three months later, the constructs were explanted and checked for revascularization of a) the scaffold b) the surrounding cortical matrix. Histological stainings to obtain data on cell growth, cellular repopulization of the scaffold and the cortical bone, inflammation parameter were carried out. Results: O-ADSC seeded scaffolds showed a significant increase in new vessel formation in the scaffold as well as in the cortical matrix compared to unseeded scaffolds. Furthermore, new vital osteocytes as a sign of cellular repopularization inside the cortical matrix were found only in the treatment group. Conclusion: The presences of O-ADSC significantly induce neovascularisation and osteocytic repopulization of avital cortical bone matrix as opposed to unseeded scaffolds in a rabbit modell. Hence, this model might be of great value for future bone tissue engineering research and for reconstruction of large bone defects.