9 electric vehicles and intermittent electricity production

INTRODUCTION A critical component in the ongoing development of electricity utility infrastructure is the increasing inclusion of environmentally-friendly and renewable sources of generation, as well as increasing the adoption of technology which can utilize this energy.1 Modernization of the electrical grid is very likely to see a drastic increase in the amount of electrical energy being produced from renewable sources such as wind and solar. While the reduced environmental impact and low marginal production costs of renewable energy compose a set of readily apparent benefits which motivates the inclusion of renewable energy generation technologies in the modernization of the electrical grid, the use of these technologies is not without its own obstacles.