A study on non-structural protein1 antigen, igm and igg antibodies seropositivity by using dengue duo kit method in patients suspected to be suffering from dengue fever attending to mims general hospital, nellimarla, vizianagaram

Dengue virus is widely distributed throughout the tropics and subtropics. Dengue virus infection has emerged as a notable public health problem in recent decades in terms of mortality and morbidity associated with it. According to Ministry of health, Government of India, India has recorded over 37,000 dengue cases,including 227 dengue deaths in 2012, the highest number in a year so far, and the percentage increase in the number of cases and deaths between 2011 and 2012(upto 26-11-2012) is approximately 97% and 34% respectively. Dengue, a vector borne disease, has hit all the major cities of the country, with the total number of cases by 26-11-2012 reaching 37,070- a sharp increase from 18,860 cases and 169 deaths in 2011.Over 28,000 dengue cases and 110 deaths were reported in 2010. In 2012, Kerala has reported the maximum of over 3,760 dengue cases, followed by Karnataka with 3,640 cases. Delhi, by mid-November, reported 1,980 cases.In 2012,deaths from dengue have been highest in Tamil Nadu which reported 60 deaths. Maharashtra had 59 deaths and Delhi four deaths. According to Government of Andhrapradesh statement (12-09-2012) 724 cases of dengue fever were confirmed this year which was much more than 2011(150cases). In the present study, an attempt has been made to know the seropositivity of dengue infection among patients admitted in Medicine and Paediatrics wards, MIMS General Hospital, Nellimarla, Vizianagaram. A total number of 207 patients suspected to be suffering from dengue infection were included based on clinical symptoms. Blood samples were collected and sera were separated for testing by using the solid phase immunochromatographic assay for Dengue IgM & IgG antibodies and invitro chromatographic assay for Dengue Non-structural protein1(NS1)antigen, a commercial dengue virus rapid duo test kit manufactured by Standard Diagnostics, Inc, Korea for combined Dengue Non-structural protein1 antigen, IgM and IgG antibody detection. Out of 207 suspected cases, 36(17.39%) were positive for dengue infection. Out of 36 seropositive cases, 09(25%) were positive for dengue Non-structural protein1 antigen, 14(38.89%) were positive for IgM antibody, 08(22.22%) for Non-structural protein1 (NS1) and IgM, 05(13.89%) for IgM and IgG antibodies.All the 36 seropositive cases were subjected for follow up. All the 09 Non-structural protein1 antigen positive patients underwent platelet transfusion due to low platelet count (<20,000/cubic millimeter). In the present study, dengue Non-structural protein1 antigen positive patients (n=9) had a much lower platelet counts than other seropositive patients. The present study reveals that the combination of the Non-structural protein1 antigen, IgM and IgG antibody tests in a duo kit could increase the diagnostic efficiency for the early diagnosis of dengue infection, thus allowing for rapid treatment of the patients.