Abstract LB-131: Elevated (L) -2-hydroxyglutarate Promotes Loss of 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine in Clear Cell Renal Cancer

Abstract We undertook an unbiased metabolomics profile of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), the most common histological subtype, to gain deeper insight into the metabolic basis of this disease. Here, we demonstrate elevations of the metabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG) in kidney cancer. Elevation of 2HG, specifically the D- enantiomer, has been linked to transformation and identified in the context of gain of function mutations of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH1 and IDH2). Notably, enantiomeric resolution demonstrates that, in contrast to IDH1/IDH2 mutant tumors, kidney tumors demonstrate elevations of the L enantiomer of 2HG (L-2HG). Moreover, high 2HG tumors demonstrate reduced DNA levels of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) consistent with the ability of L-2HG to inhibit TET (Ten Eleven Translocation) enzymes which convert 5-methylcystoine to 5-hmC. Finally, we demonstrate that these changes are mediated by the reduced expression of L-2HG dehydrogenase (L2HGDH) in ccRCC. Here, we report elevations of the putative oncometabolite L-2HG in the most common subtype of kidney cancer and describe a novel mechanism for the regulation of DNA 5hmC levels. Our findings provide new insight into the metabolic basis for the epigenetic landscape of renal cancer. Citation Format: Eun-Hee Shim, Carolina B. Livi, John Knight, Ross P. Holmes, Dinesh Rakheja, Sadanan Velu, Eun-Young Kho, Balachandra Chenna, Shane L. Rea, Daniel Benson, Richard Kirkman, Arindam Ghosh, Qiuhua Li, Sejong Bae, Shi Wei, Karen L. Block, Sunil Sudarshan. Elevated (L) -2-hydroxyglutarate promotes loss of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in clear cell renal cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-131. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-LB-131