Compact Modeling and Plausible Deformation of Human Lung Anatomy with Smooth Surfaces

We present a compact modeling of human lung anatomy (with lung lobes, bronchial trees, and pulmonary blood vessels), and demonstrate a plausible deformation (with collision detection and avoidance) for the whole anatomical structure. For this purpose, we employ a hybrid hierarchy of various bounding volumes (generated by moving spheres). Separation lists and parallel processing are also used for the acceleration of collision detection and avoidance, all implemented in CPUs only. Experimental results show that our modeling scheme compresses conventional lung models (often commercially available as meshes) by around 70 times lighter, and the resulting human lung deformation supports an interactive-speed performance, with frame rate of 10--20 fps.