Cyanobacterial metabolic engineering for biofuel and chemical production.

•Metabolic engineering of cyanobacteria for biofuel and bulk chemical production.•Photoheterotrophic production is improving titers in light and dark conditions.•Terpenoid biosynthesis is expanding range of biofuels from cyanobacteria.•Biodegradable plastic feedstocks and carbohydrate production are valuable and promising atmospheric carbon sinks.