Insulin Secretion in the Early Phase of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) and New Hopes for Maintaining It Through Therapy

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease with a progressive loss of pancreatic beta cell functional mass and subsequent impairment of insulin secretion. At present, the most important factors that help sustain insulin secretion at the early stage of the disease and have the potential to reduce the risk or even prevent long-term diabetic complications include early diagnosis, early initiation of the insulin therapy, an appropriate education of patients and immunotherapeutic interventions. In this paper, the issue of insulin secretion at the early stage of T1DM and some of the most recent research on novel therapies supporting traditional treatments are discussed.