Prospective Comparison of Equations Based on Creatinine and Cystatin C for the Glomerular Filtration Rate Estimation in Chinese Renal Transplant Recipients.

•In this work, we evaluated the performance of Scr- and CysC-based equations for GFR estimation in Chinese renal transplant recipients. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first evaluation of the GFR estimation equations in renal transplant recipients with a large population.•Among all the equations included in our study, the Scr-based JSN-CKDI equation had the best estimation; the genetic and environmental similarities between Chinese and Japanese people may contribute to the current result.•Our results were similar with several previous studies. These results supported the use of CysC-based GFR equations in renal transplant recipients.•We observed that equations involving females generally had larger bias than those in males. Moreover, these differences were significant in the JSN-CKDI, Larsson, Rule, Hoek, and Filler equations. This finding may be attributed to the absence or inadequate gender calibration in these equations.•In our research, similar results were observed that nearly all the equations have increased net biases when the GFR value is >60 mL/min/1.73 m2, which indicates that GFR equations are not suited for renal transplant recipients whose GFR values are at high level.