Single- and Double-Lung Transplantation: Results of an Initial Experience of 39 Cases in Ceará (Northeast Brazil).

Introduction. The lung transplantation (LTx) program began in Ceara in 2011 and the first LTx was performed on June 11, 2011. The aim of this study was to present the initial results of the 6-year experience of our program. Methods. We retrospectively reviewed our experience on LTx from June 2011 to August 2017. Data on recipients and transoperative and postoperative outcomes were recorded in a database. Results. Twenty-two (56.4%) were single LTx, 15 (38.5%) were double, and 2 (5.1%) bilateral lobar. The mean age was 47.5 15 years, and 26 (66.7%) were men. Twenty-eight (71.8%) had pulmonary fibrosis; 5 (12.8%) had pulmonary emphysema, 3 (7.7%) had bronchiectasis; 2 (5.1%) had pulmonary hypertension, and 1 (2.6%) had lymphangioleiomyomatosis. Complications occurred in 82% (32/39) and in-hospital mortality was 30.8% (single LTx = 27.8% and double LTx = 33.3%). The main complications were infection in 17 (43.5%) cases and primary graft dysfunction in 7 (17.9%). There was a significant improvement in pulmonary function in the first year of follow-up (forced expiratory volume pre-LTx = 37% 16% and 12 months post-LTx = 72% +/- 22%, P = .001); and overall survival at 36 months was 59.0%, with no difference between single- and double-lung transplants. Conclusions. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis was the most common underlying disease and single LTx was the most commonly performed operation. There was a high incidence of postoperative complications and in-hospital mortality, but the 36-month follow-up showed a marked improvement in lung function and a global survival similar to the literature.