Abolition of Diaphragmatic Stimulation and Restoration of Left Ventricular Pacing by Nonsurgical Withdrawal of the Left Ventricular Lead: Report of Two Cases.

In recent decades, cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has been established as a key tool for treating heart failure patients with left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction and cardiac dyssynchrony. The failure of LV stimulation, which is associated with functional and prognostic worsening, is a potential complication of CRT, and may be due to different causes, including coronary sinus lead dislodgement or the presence of left phrenic nerve stimulation.