Predominance of Nyssomyia neivai (Pinto) on the Islands of the Paraná River, Southern Brazil.

Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease caused by the protozoan Leishmania and it is one of the six most important infectious diseases in the world. The aim of this study was to conduct a research on the fauna and most frequented ecotopes by sandflies on islands of the Parana River. The sandflies were collected with Falcao light traps in 10 islands in the municipalities of Sao Pedro do Parana, Porto Rico, and Querencia do Norte, in Parana State, Brazil, from November 2012 to November 2014. In total, 76,145 specimens of Nyssomyia neivai, the only species found, were collected, of which 63,015 were female and 13,130, male.The largest number of sandflies was collected mainly in domiciles and peridomiciles. The islands of the Parana River showed predominance of Ny. neivai, which is largely involved in the transmission of Leishmania and a risk of human leishmaniasis to the island inhabitants and tourists.