A high preoperative Glasgow prognostic score predicts a high likelihood of conversion from laparoscopic to open surgery in patients with colon cancer

Background Although the use of laparoscopic resection for colon cancer (LRC) has been increasing, conversion to open surgery sometimes becomes necessary because of intraoperative difficulties. Although the Glasgow prognostic score (GPS) is well known to be a predictor of outcome in patients with various cancers, it is unclear whether the preoperative GPS can predict the need for conversion from laparoscopic to open surgery. Objective To investigate factors predictive of conversion from laparoscopic to open surgery in patients with colon cancer. Methods Data from 308 consecutive patients who underwent LRC between January 2006 and March 2017 were retrospectively enrolled. Preoperative clinical factors in patients who had undergone LRC were compared between conversion and non-conversion groups, and multivariate regression analysis was performed to identify preoperative factors that might predict conversion from laparoscopic to open surgery. Results Among 308 patients who had undergone LRC, conversion to open surgery was necessary in 28 (9.1%). Sixteen of the latter patients (6.8%) had GPS 0 (among a total of 234) and 6 (11.5%) had GPS 1 (among a total of 52). The proportion of patients with GPS 2 who required conversion was 27.2% (6/22), which was significantly higher than for those with GPS 0 or 1. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that GPS 2 (odds ratio [OR] 3.352; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.049–10.71; p = 0.041) and preoperative ileus (OR 7.405; 95% CI 2.386–22.98; p = 0.001) were independent factors predictive of conversion from laparoscopic to open surgery. Conclusions A high preoperative GPS is an independent factor predictive of conversion from laparoscopic to open surgery in patients with colon cancer.