The Latest in Endobronchial Ultrasound and Lung Cancer.

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the most common complication of extreme preterm delivery, and is associated with reduced exercise tolerance and exercise capacity. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a physical activity programme on exercise tolerance, exercise capacity, flexibility, and lung function in prematurely born children with BPD.This was a randomized controlled trial. Preterm children with BPD (4–6 years) were randomized to intervention (IG) and control (CG) groups. The CG did not participate in any physical activity during the study period. The IG performed a 4-week exercise programme based on aerobic interval and resistance training. Outcomes were based on the 6-minute walk test (6MWT), incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT), modified sit and reach test (MSRT) and spirometry results.Twenty individuals were recruited. In the IG (n = 10), statistical and clinical improvement was observed in the 6MWT (316.3 ± 31.4 m vs 376.2 ± 39.5 m; P = .002). Significant improvements were also seen in the IG in the ISWT (248.0 ± 45.2 m vs 465.3 ± 58.2 m; P = .013), MSRT (14.5 ± 7.7 cm vs 22.8 ± 6.9 cm; P = .003), and FEV1 (102% ± 16% pred vs 104% ± 17% pred; P = .004). No significant differences between pre- and post-intervention were observed in the CG for all outcomes (n = 10).This 4-week programme resulted in statistical and clinical improvements in exercise tolerance, exercise capacity and flexibility in preterm children with BPD.La displasia broncopulmonar (DBP) es una secuela frecuente entre los prematuros extremos, asociándose a una reducción en la tolerancia y en la capacidad al ejercicio. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar los efectos de un programa de entrenamiento basado en la tolerancia y en la capacidad al ejercicio, la flexibilidad y la función pulmonar en niños prematuros con DBP.El ensayo clínico se hizo con niños prematuros con DBP (de 4 a 6 años), aleatorizados en 2 grupos, control (GC) e intervención (GI). El GC no participó en ninguna actividad física durante el estudio. El GI realizó un programa interválico y de resistencia de 4 semanas. Se evaluó el Six Minute Walking test (6MWT), el Incremental Shuttle Walk test (ISWT), el Modified Sit and Reach test (MSRT) y la espirometría.Se reclutaron 20 niños. No se observaron diferencias significativas entre la pre- y la postintervención en el GC (n = 10). En el 6MWT se observó una mejoría significativa y clínica (316,3 ± 31,4 m vs. 376,2 ± 39,5 m; p = 0,002) al final de la intervención en el GI (n = 10). El ISWT (248,0 ± 45,2 m vs. 465,3 ± 58,2 m; p = 0,013), el MSRT (14,5 ± 7,7 cm vs. 22,8 ± 6,9 cm; p = 0,003) y la FEV1 (102 ± 16% pred vs. 104 ± 17% pred; p = 0,004) también mejoraron significativamente en el GI.Este programa de 4 semanas, mejora estadísticamente y clínicamente la tolerancia y la capacidad al ejercicio, y la flexibilidad en niños prematuros con DBP.