A novel approach to monitoring the efficacy of anti-tumor treatments in animal models: combining functional MRI and texture analysis

Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the early anti-tumor efficiency of different therapeutic agents with a combination of multi-b-value DWI, DCE-MRI and texture analysis. Methods Eighteen 4 T1 homograft tumor models were divided into control, paclitaxel monotherapy and paclitaxel and bevacizumab combination therapy groups ( n = 6) that underwent multi-b-value DWI, DCE-MRI and texture analysis before and 15 days after treatment. Results After treatment, the tumors in the control group were significantly larger than those in the combination group ( P = 0.018). In multi-b-value DWI, the ADC slow obviously increased in the combination group compared to that in the others ( P < 0.01). The f increased in the control and paclitaxel groups, but the combination group showed a significant decrease versus the others ( P < 0.02). Additionally, in DCE-MRI, the decreasing K trans showed an evident difference between the combination and control groups ( P = 0.003) due to the latter’s increasing K trans . The intra-group comparisons of tumor texture in pre-, mid- and post-treatments showed that the entropy had all significantly increased in all groups ( P < 0.01, SSF = 0–6), though the MPP, mean and SD increased only in the combination group (P MPP,mean,SD < 0.05, SSF = 4–6). Moreover, the inter-group comparisons revealed that the mean and MPP exhibited significant differences after treatment (P mean,MP P < 0.05, SSF = 0–3). Conclusion All these results suggest some strong correlations among DWI, DCE and texture analysis, which are beneficial for further study and clinical research.