Low-p_{T} e^{+}e^{-} Pair Production in Au+Au Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV and U+U Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=193 GeV at STAR. J Adam , L Adamczyk , J R Adams , J K Adkins , G Agakishiev , M M Aggarwal , Z Ahammed , N N Ajitanand , I Alekseev , D M Anderson , R Aoyama , A Aparin , D Arkhipkin , E C Aschenauer , M U Ashraf , F Atetalla , A Attri , G S Averichev , X Bai , V Bairathi , K Barish , A J Bassill , A Behera , R Bellwied , A Bhasin , A K Bhati , J Bielcik , J Bielcikova , L C Bland , I G Bordyuzhin , J D Brandenburg , A V Brandin , D Brown , J Bryslawskyj , I Bunzarov , J Butterworth , H Caines , M Calderón de la Barca Sánchez , J M Campbell , D Cebra , I Chakaberia , P Chaloupka , F-H Chang , Z Chang , N Chankova-Bunzarova , A Chatterjee , S Chattopadhyay , J H Chen , X Chen , X Chen , J Cheng , M Cherney , W Christie , G Contin , H J Crawford , S Das , T G Dedovich , I M Deppner , A A Derevschikov , L Didenko , C Dilks , X Dong , J L Drachenberg , J C Dunlop , L G Efimov , N Elsey , J Engelage , G Eppley , R Esha , S Esumi , O Evdokimov , J Ewigleben , O Eyser , R Fatemi , S Fazio , P Federic , P Federicova , J Fedorisin , P Filip , E Finch , Y Fisyak , C E Flores , L Fulek , C A Gagliardi , T Galatyuk , F Geurts , A Gibson , D Grosnick , D S Gunarathne , Y Guo , A Gupta , W Guryn , A I Hamad , A Hamed , A Harlenderova , J W Harris , L He , S Heppelmann , S Heppelmann , N Herrmann , A Hirsch , L Holub , S Horvat , X Huang , B Huang , S L Huang , H Z Huang , T Huang , T J Humanic , P Huo , G Igo , W W Jacobs , A Jentsch , J Jia , K Jiang , S Jowzaee , E G Judd , S Kabana , D Kalinkin , K Kang , D Kapukchyan , K Kauder , H W Ke , D Keane , A Kechechyan , D P Kikoła , C Kim , T A Kinghorn , I Kisel , A Kisiel , S R Klein , L Kochenda , L K Kosarzewski , A F Kraishan , L Kramarik , L Krauth , P Kravtsov , K Krueger , N Kulathunga , S Kumar , L Kumar , J Kvapil , J H Kwasizur , R Lacey , J M Landgraf , J Lauret , A Lebedev , R Lednicky , J H Lee , X Li , C Li , W Li , Y Li , Y Liang , J Lidrych , T Lin , A Lipiec , M A Lisa , F Liu , P Liu , H Liu , Y Liu , T Ljubicic , W J Llope , M Lomnitz , R S Longacre , X Luo , S Luo , G L Ma , Y G Ma , L Ma , R Ma , N Magdy , R Majka , D Mallick , S Margetis , C Markert , H S Matis , O Matonoha , D Mayes , J A Mazer , K Meehan , J C Mei , N G Minaev , S Mioduszewski , D Mishra , B Mohanty , M M Mondal , I Mooney , D A Morozov , Md Nasim , J D Negrete , J M Nelson , D B Nemes , M Nie , G Nigmatkulov , T Niida , L V Nogach , T Nonaka , S B Nurushev , G Odyniec , A Ogawa , K Oh , S Oh , V A Okorokov , D Olvitt , B S Page , R Pak , Y Panebratsev , B Pawlik , H Pei , C Perkins , J Pluta , J Porter , M Posik , N K Pruthi , M Przybycien , J Putschke , A Quintero , S K Radhakrishnan , S Ramachandran , R L Ray , R Reed , H G Ritter , J B Roberts , O V Rogachevskiy , J L Romero , L Ruan , J Rusnak , O Rusnakova , N R Sahoo , P K Sahu , S Salur , J Sandweiss , J Schambach , A M Schmah , W B Schmidke , N Schmitz , B R Schweid , F Seck , J Seger , M Sergeeva , R Seto , P Seyboth , N Shah , E Shahaliev , P V Shanmuganathan , M Shao , W Q Shen , F Shen , S S Shi , Q Y Shou , E P Sichtermann , S Siejka , R Sikora , M Simko , S Singha , N Smirnov , D Smirnov , W Solyst , P Sorensen , H M Spinka , B Srivastava , T D S Stanislaus , D J Stewart , M Strikhanov , B Stringfellow , A A P Suaide , T Sugiura , M Sumbera , B Summa , Y Sun , X Sun , X M Sun , B Surrow , D N Svirida , P Szymanski , Z Tang , A H Tang , A Taranenko , T Tarnowsky , J H Thomas , A R Timmins , D Tlusty , T Todoroki , M Tokarev , C A Tomkiel , S Trentalange , R E Tribble , P Tribedy , S K Tripathy , O D Tsai , B Tu , T Ullrich , D G Underwood , I Upsal , G Van Buren , J Vanek , A N Vasiliev , I Vassiliev , F Videbæk , S Vokal , S A Voloshin , A Vossen , G Wang , Y Wang , F Wang , Y Wang , J C Webb , L Wen , G D Westfall , H Wieman , S W Wissink , R Witt , Y Wu , Z G Xiao , G Xie , W Xie , Q H Xu , Z Xu , J Xu , Y F Xu , N Xu , S Yang , C Yang , Q Yang , Y Yang , Z Ye , Z Ye , L Yi , K Yip , I-K Yoo , N Yu , H Zbroszczyk , W Zha , Z Zhang , L Zhang , Y Zhang , X P Zhang , J Zhang , S Zhang , S Zhang , J Zhang , J Zhao , C Zhong , C Zhou , L Zhou , Z Zhu , X Zhu , M Zyzak PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS（2018）
摘要
We report first measurements of e(+)e(-) pair production in the mass region 0.4 < M-ee < 2.6 GeV/c(2) at low transverse momentum (p(T) < 0.15 GeV/c) in noncentral Au + Au collisions at root s(NN) = 200 GeV and U + U collisions at root s(NN) = 193 GeV. Significant enhancement factors, expressed as ratios of data over known hadronic contributions, are observed in the 40%-80% centrality of these collisions. The excess yields peak distinctly at low p(T) with a width (root < p(T)(2)>) between 40 and 60 MeV/c. The absolute cross section of the excess depends weakly on centrality, while those from a theoretical model calculation incorporating an in-medium broadened rho spectral function and radiation from a quark gluon plasma or hadronic cocktail contributions increase dramatically with an increasing number of participant nucleons. Model calculations of photon-photon interactions generated by the initial projectile and target nuclei describe the observed excess yields but fail to reproduce the p(T)(2) distributions.
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Pair production, Mathematical physics, Physics, Chatterjee, Spectral representation
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