Bcl-2-dependent Synthetic Lethal Interaction of the IDF-11774 with the V0 Subunit C of Vacuolar ATPase (ATP6V0C) in Colorectal Cancer

Background The IDF-11774, a novel clinical candidate for cancer therapy, targets HSP70 and inhibits mitochondrial respiration, resulting in the activation of AMPK and reduction in HIF-1α accumulation. Methods To identify genes that have synthetic lethality to IDF-11774, RNA interference screening was conducted, using pooled lentiviruses expressing a short hairpin RNA library. Results We identified ATP6V0C , encoding the V0 subunit C of lysosomal V-ATPase, knockdown of which induced a synergistic growth-inhibitory effect in HCT116 cells in the presence of IDF-11774. The synthetic lethality of IDF-11774 with ATP6V0C possibly correlates with IDF-11774-mediated autolysosome formation. Notably, the synergistic effect of IDF-11774 and the ATP6V0C inhibitor, bafilomycin A1, depended on the PIK3CA genetic status and Bcl-2 expression, which regulates autolysosome formation and apoptosis. Similarly, in an experiment using conditionally reprogramed cells derived from colorectal cancer patients, synergistic growth inhibition was observed in cells with low Bcl-2 expression. Conclusions Bcl-2 is a biomarker for the synthetic lethal interaction of IDF-11774 with ATP6V0C , which is clinically applicable for the treatment of cancer patients with IDF-11774 or autophagy-inducing anti-cancer drugs.