Low-intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Promotes Chondrogenesis of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Via Regulation of Autophagy.

Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) can induce mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation, although the mechanism of its potential effects on chondrogenic differentiation is unknown. Since autophagy is known to regulate the differentiation of MSCs, the aim of our study was to determine whether LIPUS induced chondrogenesis via autophagy regulation.