A Framework for Process-to-Module Modeling of a-Si/c-Si (HIT) Heterojunction Solar Cells to Investigate the Cell-to-Module Efficiency Gap

The cell-to-module efficiency gap observed in a-Si/c-Si heterojunction solar cells is a key challenge to the broad adoption of this technology. To systematically address this issue, we describe an end-to-end modeling framework to explore the implications of process and device variations at the module level. First, a process model is developed to connect the a-Si deposition parameters to the materi...