A Case of Pylephlebitis of the Inferior Mesenteric Vein and Portal Vein

Pylephlebitis is defined as septic thrombophlebitis of the portal vein or one of its tributaries. Pylephlebitis is an uncommon and often fatal complication of intra-abdominal infections, such as diverticulitis and appendicitis. The most common bacteria isolated from patients with pylephlebitis are Escherichia coli and Bacteroides fragilis. The overall mortality rate is 32%. We describe a case of septic thrombophlebitis of the main portal vein and inferior mesenteric vein successfully treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics and anticoagulants. The early diagnosis and treatment with the timely administration of antibiotics is most important for pylephlebitis.