S-nitrosylation of peroxiredoxin 1 contributes to viability of lung epithelial cells during Bacillus anthracis infection.

•bNOS causes S-nitrsoylation of specific host proteins during anthrax infection.•Prx1 is a major host target that becomes S-nitrosylated during anthrax infection.•S-nitrosylated Prx1 has lower peroxidase activity and increased chaperone function.•S-nitrosylated Prx1 contributes to the viability of infected host cell.