Perinatal exposure to GOS/inulin prebiotics prevent food allergy by promoting tolerance and protecting intestine

System. Fibers as prebiotics have been proposed to restore this balance andseem to be one alternative to prevent or reduce allergies, particularly dur-ing infancy. In this context, we evaluated early nutritional interventionwith prebiotics, via the mother during pregnancy and lactation (perinatal),to prevent food allergic risk in mice.Method:Pregnant and lactating mice were exposed or not to GOS/Inulinprebiotics. Then, pups were intraperitoneally sensitized and then orallyexposed to wheat allergen to mimic FA. Phenotypic and blood markers ofallergy, immune cells and microbiota were analyzed.Results:In mice exposed to GOS/Inulin prebioticsviatheir mothers, weobserved a decrease of FA symptoms associated with a fall of allergic mar-kers (IgE), a rise of tolerance markers (IgA) and a protection from thealteration of intestinal permeability and epithelium. Immunity was alsomodified by prebiotics as shown by the decrease of IL-4 and IL-5 produc-tions and the increase of IFN-γand TGF-βsecretions associated with arise of T regulatory cells in gut lymphoid organs. Prebiotics also induced astrong modification of mother mice intestinal microbiota especially forLactobacillus that was the only one being transferred to pups.Conclusion:Prebiotics supplemented diet during perinatal period pro-tects pups against FA by decreasing levels of allergic markers, clinicalsymptoms and intestinal permeability. Moreover, prebiotics also modulateimmune reaction during allergy toward tolerance and modify intestinalmicrobiota. Now, we want to confirm these results in humans by two clini-cal trials: SYMBA (AUSTRALIA) and PREGRALL (FRANCE)