Measuring Retailers' Sustainable Development

This study aimed to develop a framework and measurement items for retailers to assess sustainability while avoiding potential subjectivity by combining top-down and bottom-up approaches, and verifying their validity based on consumer perceptions of sustainable retailing. The framework consisted of 54 measurement items categorized into a three-order hierarchical model. At the top level of the model, there were three third-order dimensions respectively related to consumers, retailers, and society. At the middle level, eight second-order sub-dimensions associated with retailing mix were classified into the aforementioned third-order dimensions. At the bottom level, there were 21 first-order sub-dimensions related to the sustainable retailing activities. The development of sustainability assessment by combining top-down and bottom-up approaches and including consumer perceptions will allow retailers to assess their sustainability more strategically, as it will reduce the subjectivity and increase consumers' recognition of sustainable retailing. Copyright (c) 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment