Endoscopic Windows for Increased Visualization in Endoscopic Skull Base Surgery

Theodore Schuman,Katherine Adams, Cristine Klatt-Kromwell,Brian D. Thorp,Charles S. Ebert,Deanna Sasaki-Adams,Matthew G. Ewend,Adam M. Zanation

Skull Base Surgery（2017）

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摘要

Objectives: To quantify progressive nasopharyngeal and posterior maxillary wall exposure using a zero-degree endoscope through the addition of posterior septal window and Denker’s procedure in endoscopic skull base surgery.

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关键词

endoscopic,increased visualization,surgery

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