Impact of climate change on the magnetic mineral assemblage in marine sediments from Izu rear arc, NW Pacific Ocean, over the last 1 Myr

A rock magnetic study was conducted on upper Pleistocene marine sediments from International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition 350 Site U1437 in order to highlight the paleoenvironmental changes in the NW Pacific Ocean influenced by the East Asian monsoon regime. Remanent magnetization analyses, hysteresis properties, first-order reversal curves and low temperature magnetic measurements were carried out, along with electron microscope observations. The results indicate that coarse-grained (titano)-magnetite is the dominant magnetic phase in the magnetic mineral assemblage. Time-series analysis supports that this assemblage is modulated by global climate changes over the last 1Myr. During the interglacial stages, magnetic minerals are more abundant; and are dominated by coarse-grained (titano)-magnetite of both terrigenous (likely from mainland China) and volcanic (Izu arc front, Japan) origin. During the glacial stages, the magnetic mineral content is lower, probably reflecting partial dissolution of (Ti)-magnetite, and the magnetic assemblage is composed of terrigenous coarse-grained (titano)-magnetite and of higher coercivity, presumably finer eolian particles (likely hematite) as a result of the enhancement of the winter monsoon in continental Asia. The magnetic mineral assemblage reflects a superimposition of volcanic and global climate signals. Bulk organic-geochemical analyses for total and organic carbon as well as nitrogen and sulfur contents confirm a climatic signature in the composition of the sediments with more oxygenated water masses being present during glacial periods. Additional X-ray fluorescence measurements on bulk samples indicate various origins of the sediment particles with both proximal and distal sources.