High-Capacity ECG Steganography with Smart Offset Coefficients

The authors present an economic way to hide patient diagnosis information in electrocardiogram (ECG) signal based on smart offset coefficient. Simulations indicated that hiding capacity is larger than existing techniques while the perceived quality is good. Moreover, the method is tolerant of the attacks such as inversion, translation, truncation, and Gaussian noise-addition attacks, which is rare in conventional ECG steganographic schemes. Since the privacy (or medical message) of the patients can be fast and effective embedded in ECG host by the proposed method, it is feasible for our method being employed in real-time applications.