Late Breaking Abstract - the Socio-Economic Cost of Asthma, COPD and Chronic Bronchitis in Europe

Simone Accordini,Laura Portas,Angelo G Corsico,Lucia Cazzoletti,Isa Cerveri,Margaret W Gerbase,David Gislason,Rune Gronseth,Joachim Heinrich,Rain Jogi,Ane Johannessen,Alessandro Marcon,Isabelle Pin,Margarethe Wacker,Deborah Jarvis,Christer Janson

The European respiratory journal. Supplement（2017）

Cited 1|Views50

Abstract

Background: The present study is aimed at providing a real-world evaluation of the economic cost of asthma, COPD and chronic bronchitis among adults in Europe. Methods: A prevalence-based cost-of-illness study was carried out on subjects (aged 39-68 years) with asthma (n=965), COPD (post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC < LLN) without asthma (n=196) or chronic bronchitis without asthma/COPD (n=576). These patients were identified in general population samples from 12 countries and were examined in clinical settings in the European Community Respiratory Health Survey III (2010-2013). The cost estimates (doctor visits, clinical tests, drugs/vaccinations, ED visits/hospital admissions, premature retirement/productivity losses/leisure time forgone) were computed from the societal perspective following the bottom-up approach on the basis of rates, wages and prices in 2013 (obtained at the national level from official sources). Results: The mean annual cost per patient with asthma was EUR 1467 (95%CI: 1112-1862) and it was largely driven (56.6%) by premature retirement/productivity losses/leisure time forgone. The cost of COPD ranged from EUR 227 (95%CI: 48-517) among the patients without coexisting chronic cough or phlegm to EUR 1725 (95%CI: 176-3918) among the patients with these symptoms. The cost of chronic bronchitis was EUR 233 (95%CI: 99-415). When the costs due to comorbidities were included in our estimates, the mean annual cost per patient dramatically increased for all diseases (e.g. asthma: EUR 3689; COPD with coexisting chronic cough or phlegm: EUR 4439). Conclusions: Among the European adults, the cost of asthma, COPD and chronic bronchitis is substantial even in patients identified from the general population.

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Pretraining has recently greatly promoted the development of natural language processing (NLP)
We show that M6 outperforms the baselines in multimodal downstream tasks, and the large M6 with 10 parameters can reach a better performance
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The model is scaled to large model with 10 billion parameters with sophisticated deployment, and the 10 -parameter M6-large is the largest pretrained model in Chinese
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