HVDC protection criteria for transient stability of AC systems with embedded HVDC links

In recent years, different protection strategies for high-voltage direct current (HVDC) grids have been developed by the industry and academia for the reliable and safe operation of direct current grids. The proposed strategies have different impacts on the AC networks where HVDC grids are connected. In the case of embedded HVDC grids embedded in a synchronous AC network, a partial loss of the HVD...