Long-term plasticity of hippocampal interneurons during in vivo memory processes

•PV + interneurons in the CA1 area show LTP and LTD by electrical stimulation in vivo.•Firing of PC − PV + interneuron couples in the CA1 area is reorganized by learning.•Learning changes protein expression in PV + interneurons.•Interneuron long-term plasticity may reconfigure hippocampal cell assemblies.