Optimal design of energy conversion units for residential buildings considering German market conditions

Many countries have passed governmental action plans to support the installation of renewable energy sources. However, most studies dealing with the optimization of building energy systems neglect a precise modeling of such subsidies, although these subsidies are specifically designed to strongly influence system setups. Therefore, this paper extends a model for the optimization of energy systems by a more accurate consideration of storage units and enhance both models by accounting for major German pieces of legislation aimed at supporting renewable energies. Additionally, we consider typical German market characteristics, in particular the availability of multiple gas and electricity tariffs.