Fatigue properties and impedance analysis of potassium sodium niobate–strontium titanate transparent ceramics

Highly transparent ferroelectric ceramics based on 0.9K 0.5 Na 0.5 NbO 3 –0.1SrTiO 3 were prepared using a pressure-less solid-state sintering method without using hot isostatic pressing and spark plasma sintering. An independence electromechanical response of bipolar switching cycles ( S 33 only degraded 3.2 % up to 10 7 cycles) was presented in this transparent ceramics, which indicated an extremely stable property under electric field. From impedance spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses, it was concluded that such optical transparency and fatigue-resistant behaviors were mainly attributed to the lower density of oxygen vacancies in the ceramics.