Biomass Early Stage Combustion in a Small Size Boiler: Experimental and Numerical Analysis

The increment in the world energy consumption and the necessity for a sustainable industrial production, indicate that renewable resources may be key actors for future development. In this scenario, biomass appears fundamental for the smooth transition from fossil fuels to lower carbon footprint technologies, and as a moderator agent within the renewable market. The small size biomass combustion application appears as suitable for smart grid and distributed generation applications, but it is necessary to improve the design tools capabilities and the experimental knowledge of these systems. The present work aims at investigating the thermal behaviour of a 140 kW fixed-bed boiler sited at the Biomass to Energy Research Centre (CRIBE) of the University of Pisa and fed with woodchips. Experimental activities were conducted in order to acquire thermal and chemical data. Moreover, a computational fluid dynamic model was developed and validated. Attention was paid to the fixed bed analysis, and the results showed a good model prediction capability, with respect to the reduced computational demand required.