Geochemical characterization of the Nirano mud volcano, Italy

The Nirano mud volcano is located in the western sector of the Modena Apennine margin (Italy). It represents one of the most spectacular phenomena of sedimentary volcanism in the entire Italian territory and is among the largest in Europe. Here numerous aligned gryphon clusters and seeping pools constantly burst gas and mud inside a morphological depression. Besides the obvious surface expressions of these emission spots, until now the type and amount of gas released in the rest of the large Nirano caldera zone remained unknown.