The Application of Least-Squares Finite-Element Method to Simulate Wave Propagation in Bianisotropic Media

The finite-element method (FEM) has been one of the major numerical techniques for electromagnetics (EM) ever since the introduction of the spurious-free edge element. On the other hand, a so-called least-squares FEM(LSFEM) is becoming increasingly popular due to its unique properties. For instance, the generated stiffness matrix is positive definite. Effort has been made to apply this node-elemen...