Development Of Tungsten Trioxide Using Pulse And Continuous Electrodeposition And Its Properties In Electrochromic Devices

To develop an economical, efficient, and highly stable electrode having high transmittance modulation, thin films of tungsten trioxide (WO3) were deposited on an Indium-doped tin oxide (ITO) glass substrate by using simple one-step pulse voltage electrodeposition (PVE) and continuous voltage electrodeposition (CVE) routes. Electrochemical and optical analyses demonstrated that the WO3 electrode prepared by PVE possessed high switching speed, high coloration efficiency, and excellent cyclic stability. Moreover, its stable performance in the colored state extended for a long duration even after the voltage was cutoff. The coloration efficiency values were determined to be 69.00 and 43.00 cm(2)/C for W-PVE-600s and W-CVE-200s, respectively. The excellent electrochemical and electrochromic properties were mainly attributed to large surface area of W-PVE-600s, which facilitated charge transfer and promoted insertion/exertion of H+ ions in electrolytes better than the WO3 electrode prepared by conventional methods. The significant electrocatalytic activity and stable performance have proved that the proposed W-PVE-600s film can be an alternative to conventional electrodes used in smart window technology applications. (C) 2019 The Electrochemical Society.