La Pathologie Anorectale à Kayes au Mali

RESUME Introduction. Le but de notre etude etait d’etudier les manifestations cliniques et les aspects endoscopiques de la pathologie anorectale a Kayes au Mali. Methodes. Il s’agit d’une etude retrospective, menee du 1er Mars 2017 au 31 Aout 2018, ayant porte sur l’analyse des comptes rendus d’anorectoscopie dans les unites d’endoscopie digestive de l’Hopital Regional Fousseyni DAOU de Kayes et de la clinique medicale ‘’ SEWA’’ de Kayes. Les donnees recueillies etaient l’âge, le sexe, la profession, l’indication de l’endoscopie et la lesion retenue. Les donnees ont ete traitees au moyen du logiciel Epi info version 6. Resultats. Sur les 358 patients enregistres, 252 etaient de sexe masculin (70,4%) soit un sex-ratio de 2,3. L’âge moyen de nos patients etait de 36,32 ans avec des extremes de 02 et 89 ans. Les menageres etaient la couche sociale la plus representee (24,6%), suivies des cultivateurs (19%), des commercants (14,2%) et des transporteurs (8,9%). Les indications les plus frequentes de l’endoscopie etaient la rectorragie (38,8%) et la douleur anale (31%). Les pathologies les plus retrouvees ont ete la maladie hemorroidaire (36,6%) et la fissure anale (33,5%).Conclusion. La pathologie anorectale est frequente a Kayes au Mali. La maladie hemorroidaire et la fissure anale sont les principales pathologies rencontrees. Des efforts sont necessaires pour la vulgarisation des centres d’endoscopie digestive. ABSTRACT Introduction. The aim of our study was to report the clinical manifestations and endoscopic aspects of anorectal pathology in Kayes, Mali. Methods. This was a retrospective study, conducted from 1 March 2017 to 31 August 2018, which focused on the analysis of anorectoscopic reports in the digestive endoscopy units of the Fousseyni DAO Regional Hospital in Kayes and the SEWA Medical Clinic of Kayes. Our study variables were age, sex, occupation, indication of endoscopy, and the lesion that was found. The data were processed using EPI info version 6 software. Results. Out of 358 registered patients, 252 were male (70.4%). The average age of the study population was 36.32 years with extremes of 02 and 89 years. Housewives were the most represented social group (24.6%), followed by farmers (19%), traders (14.2%) and transporters (8.9%). The most frequent indications of endoscopy were rectal bleeding (38.8%) and anal pain (31%). The most common pathologies were hemorrhoid disease (36.6%) and anus fissure (33.5%). Conclusion. Anorectal pathology is common in Kayes, Mali. Hemorrhoid disease and anus fissure are the most common pathologies. Efforts to increase the availability of digestive endoscopy center are mandatory.