Structural transformation and chemical modifications of the unusual layered zeolite MWW form SSZ-70

•Boron and Al-containing layered zeolites SSZ-70 with MWW topology were studied for post-synthesis modifications.•Swelling and pillaring was achieved with all three but only B-SSZ-70 gave the interlayer expanded form (IEZ) forms.•Direct synthesis with Al in the gel yielded a more active acid catalyst than post-synthesis Al-insertion into B-SSZ-70.•Pillaring of Al-SSZ-70 increased activity for benzylation of mesitylene proving potential for more open structures.