Does nanoscale porous titanium coating increase lumbar spinal stiffness of an interbody fusion cage? An in vivo biomechanical analysis in an ovine model

•Sheep lumbar spines were implanted with nanosurfaced titanium porous scaffold cages.•An in vivo biomechanical analysis compared differences at baseline and one-year.•Both cages increased spinal stiffness.•At one year, nanosurfaced cages presented greater biomechanical outcomes.