Vaginal laser therapy - hype or established treatment?

Noninvasive treatment is recommended as first line for urinary incontinence (UI) in women. However, surgical procedures are more likely to be implemented to cure UI but are associated with more adverse events. Less invasive operative mesh techniques are relatively effective, but not immune to complications such as bleeding, bladder perforation, urethral injury, infection, and the retention requiring mesh resection. In patients for whom the risks of anesthesia and surgery are too high, a minimally invasive approach is recommended and further research is needed in terms of more compliant, less invasive and low-cost methods for the treatment of stress UI and pelvic floor dysfunction.