Effects of Errors on Optical Imagers Using Target Motion Compensation in Flyby Trajectories

Remote sensing is particularly useful in interplanetary observation where in-situ measurements are not yet possible. For flyby spacecraft to obtain accurate data during short windows with high relative velocities, target motion compensation is often required to preserve signal amplitude and prevent pixel smear. Effects of orbital determination errors, pointing accuracy error, and timing errors are exacerbated by use of target motion compensation to varying degrees. A Monte Carlo simulation was developed to determine trends in smear and required target motion capabilities for various flyby geometries, velocities, and exposure times for a selection of Jovian and Saturnian moons of exploratory interest. Case studies are presented for a range of potential missions and their simulation results compared to show variation in errors based on differences in input parameters. Results from the simulation can inform early choices in instrument and mission design, operations and mission planning.