Comparison of geospatial and ground-based methods for determining post-harvest dispersed woody residues.

Postharvest woody residues are measured to estimate billable waste, bioenergy potential, fuel loadings, and carbon budgets. In fall 2014, a waste and residue survey (WRS) established twenty-nine 0.4 ha plots in the dispersed residue stratum on two cutblocks on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, and measured woody residue "logs" >= 10 cm inside-bark diameter and >= 20 cm in length. A line-intersect sampling (LIS), in spring 2015, measured all woody debris >= 10 cm diameter outside bark (DOB) on 18 plots. High-resolution (2 cm) photography was acquired in summer 2015, orthophotomosaics were prepared and analyzed for residue "logs" >= 10 cm DOB in 29 plots using semi-automated "log" delineation (SLD) and manual heads-up "log" digitization (MLD). After adjustment for bark thickness, SLD values were still higher than WRS values, due to inclusion of non-log pieces, though MLD values were not. LIS values were not different from WRS values once adjusted for bark thickness, transect overlaps, and decayed or non-log pieces excluded. The LIS and preharvest forest cover species composition differed from the WRS. While the SLD geospatial method can census >= 10 cm diameter residues in entire cutblocks, it was biased. Field-based methods may be required to correct SLD bias and measure species composition to determine bark thickness and wood densities to calculate biomass from residue volumes.