A Randomized, Double‐blind, Placebo‐controlled, Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Study of a Fixed‐dose Combination of Phentermine/topiramate in Adolescents with Obesity

Aims To assess the pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic characteristics of VI-0521, a fixed-dose combination of immediate-release phentermine (PHEN) and extended-release topiramate (TPM) in adolescents aged 12 to 17 years with obesity, and to report weight loss and adverse events using this drug combination. Materials and methods This was a multicentre, randomized, double-blind, parallel-design, placebo-controlled study in adolescents with obesity. A total of 42 adolescents were randomly assigned in a 1:1:1 ratio to placebo, or to a mid-dose (PHEN/TPM 7.5 mg/46 mg), or a top-dose (PHEN/TPM 15 mg/92 mg) of VI-0521. A total of 26 adolescents were included in the PK analysis (14 from the mid-dose group and 12 from the top-dose group). Results On day 56, arithmetic means of terminal elimination half-life, apparent clearance (CL/F) and apparent central volume of distribution (Vc/F) were consistent across dose levels for both PHEN and TPM. Arithmetic means of CL/F and Vc/F for PHEN and TPM administered as a combination in adolescents with obesity were within 10% to 30% of those previously assessed in adults with obesity enrolled in phase II and III studies. A higher proportion of adolescents in both the mid- and top-dose groups (13.3% and 50.0%, respectively) compared with placebo (0.0%) reached >= 5% weight loss at day 56. The least squares (LS) mean change in systolic blood pressure from baseline to day 56 was -5.2 mmHg for the placebo group, -2.5 mmHg for the mid-dose group, and - 5.5 mmHg for the top-dose group. The LS mean change in diastolic blood pressure from baseline to day 56 was -2.4 mmHg for the placebo group, +3.8 mmHg for the mid-dose group, and + 2.0 mmHg for the top-dose group. Participants in the top-dose group had increases in heart rate from baseline of 4.1 bpm, while participants in the mid-dose group experienced a mean decrease in heart rate of 4.5 bpm at day 56. Both PHEN/TPM dose combinations were safe and well tolerated. Conclusions Treatment of adolescents with obesity using a fixed-dose combination of PHEN/TPM for 8 weeks resulted in exposure to PHEN and TPM that was comparable to that observed in adults, statistically significant weight loss, and a tolerable safety profile. These data indicate that both mid- and top-dose levels are appropriate for longer-term safety and efficacy studies in adolescents.