Performance characterization of continuous-wave laser-induced forward transfer of liquid bioink

Herein, we propose a continuous-wave laser-induced forward transfer (CW-LIFT) system that possesses high printing quality with a high printing success rate. CW-LIFT can automatically deposit droplets equally and uniformly as a customized pattern. In this study, we selected an 830 nm near-infrared CW laser and applied a 20 microscope objective lens to highly focus the laser beam. In addition, a 16 nm gold thin film was used as the energy-absorbing layer for CW-LIFT. We demonstrated that the CW-LIFT can print liquid bioink and deposit cells in a controlled and precise way.