Autologous Versus Related Versus Unrelated Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation For Adult Patients With Npm1 Mutated/Flt3-Itd Negative Acute Myeloid Leukemia In First Remission: A Study From The Acute Leukemia Working Party (Alwp) Of The European Society Of Blood And Marrow Transplantation (Ebmt)

Introduction: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in first remission (CR1) with intermediate-risk cytogenetics and isolated NPM1 mutation carries a good prognosis. There is not a clear benefit to perform allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) in CR1, and this procedure is not usually recommended in these patients. High dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation (auto-SCT) is a good therapeutic alternative in good-risk AML in CR1 associated with lower toxicity. Nevertheless, relapse remains as high as 40% in this subgroup. To evaluate the best consolidation strategy in AML with isolated NPM1 mutation, we retrospectively compared auto-SCT, related (MRD) and fully matched (10/10) unrelated (MUD) allo-SCT within the EBMT registry.